There are many things Americans need to know before embarking on international travel. Many things about other countries are familiar while different aspects are dramatically different. Being prepared for these similarities and differences will help you have a more pleasant trip. There are many rules and regulations that must be followed when crossing borders. Knowledge is essential.

Identification
The first thing you need for international travel is a passport. It is identification that proves your identity, nationality and travel history. It is also where visas are stamped. Visas are seals that give permission to enter certain countries for a set period of time. Some countries do not require visas for US citizens while other do. Get your passport first since visas need to go inside it. Apply for a passport through a recognized government office several months before your international trip. Contact embassies of countries you plan to visit to determine whether they require you to get a visa.

Prevention/Solution
Health is a major concern during international travel. Some countries require that you get specific vaccinations before you arrive. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention can tell you which shots you need for each country. Shot records are kept in a little yellow book that you must present when entering countries with shot requirements. It is a good idea to avoid drinking tap water in countries with poor sanitation. Also stay away from ice, unpeeled fruit and street food. Wear insect repellent with DEET in countries with malaria. Unprotected sex and blood transfusions in countries with large AIDS patient populations is a very bad idea.

Function
You must have local currency to function in a foreign country. Learn the exchange rate before you go. That way you will know whether you are getting a good deal when spending local money. Your ATM card and credit cards will work in most countries. You can get local currency at local banks. You can also exchange traveler's checks and US cash. It is best to do this at banks. Exchange services charge large fees and give the worst rates.

Misconceptions
It is common for travelers to have many misconceptions about a foreign country before they go there. Do your homework and read up on your destination before you leave. Check some books out of the library or buy a travel guide that you can take with you. Americans are viewed around the world as self important and intolerant of other cultures. The people you are visiting will be very impressed if you know a few things about their society and history. It will also give you an appreciation for the things you are seeing.

Warning
The U.S. State Department issues travel warnings for trouble spots around the world. This can be anything from violent protests to serious crime to war. Consult this list often since circumstances constantly change.