Planning ESL lessons for refugees is similar, in terms of the language, to any ESL class, but such classes have specific needs. In general, use common sense and sensitivity when planning lessons and research the backgrounds of your students. Refugees have escaped insupportable situations in their home countries and are often in a situation of insecurity and isolation in the new country. They may have to deal with discrimination and stereotypes as well as coping with the language barrier.

Request training. Most of the NGOs, government organizations and charities that provide English classes for refugees also provide specific training for teachers, both paid employees and volunteers. You may be a confident, experienced ESL teacher, but if you have never taught refugees or asylum-seekers before, don't be afraid to get any assistance available. This will help you provide the best possible classes.

Research the background of your students. Investigate why they are refugees and the cultural norms of their home countries. Doing your homework enables you to avoid any cultural and other misunderstandings before they happen. Don't ask intrusive questions in class; let students bring up their backgrounds themselves when and if they feel it is appropriate.

Emphasize speaking and listening activities with your class. These are the most important skills when learning a foreign language in a foreign country.

Plan function-oriented activities. Refugees may appreciate lessons focusing on the language skills necessary for specific situations; such as dealing with immigration authorities, handling job interviews, completing paperwork and finding accommodation, as well as the language for everyday tasks such as grocery shopping. Make use of role-plays for each task. If you are unsure what your students particularly want or need, ask them.

Divide the class into mixed nationality groups, if possible, for most activities, to encourage students to practice English rather than their own languages.